2017年高考英語語法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)

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▲高考英語語法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)

1、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)也像其它時(shí)態(tài)由主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)一樣，首先弄清楚用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的句子中哪些可以由主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)。我們知道，在簡單句的五個(gè)基本句型中，有三個(gè)基本句型（S V O，S V o O，S V O C）可以由主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)；有兩個(gè)基本句型（S V，S V P）不能由主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)。所以，當(dāng)這三個(gè)基本句型（S V O，S V InO DO，S V O OC）的謂語動(dòng)詞用了現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)時(shí)才有可能由主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)。例如：

還應(yīng)注意到一些動(dòng)詞很少用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)，因此這些動(dòng)詞在句子謂語用了現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)時(shí)也常沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如：We are having supper now。一般不能變?yōu)镾upper is being had now。

2、及物動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)由主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)有三種句式：

①主語（第一人稱單數(shù)I）am being過去分詞 其他成分；

②主語（第二人稱單、復(fù)數(shù)you，第一人稱復(fù)數(shù)we和第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)they等）are being 過去分詞 其他成分；

③主語（第三人稱單數(shù) he，she，it等）is being 過去分詞 其他成分。

所以，當(dāng)句子謂語動(dòng)詞用了現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)由主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞要由原來作賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z時(shí)的名（代）詞的數(shù)來決定，從上面三種句式中選擇合適的一種句式。例如：

They are collecting money for the broadband project.

3、當(dāng)變?yōu)橹髡Z的原來的賓語（名/代詞）有較長的動(dòng)詞不定式短語（復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)）、介詞短語、從句修飾或有補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，動(dòng)詞不定式短語、介詞短語、從句和補(bǔ)足語等，一般都仍然保留在原來的位置上。例如：

They are revising the laws to protect the rights of women and children.

▲高考英語語法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)

4、如果用在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的句子中的謂語動(dòng)詞是動(dòng)詞短語或習(xí)慣用語，那么這個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語或習(xí)語只把動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)，其他部分保持不變。例如：

The parents are taking good care of their test-tube baby.

5、當(dāng)用了現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)是"S V In O DO"句型時(shí)，既可以把間接賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句的主語，也可以把直接賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句的主語，但如果是后者，可根據(jù)動(dòng)詞的習(xí)慣用法，把間接賓語改寫為to或for引起的介詞短語。

6、用了現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的句子由主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)后，原來充當(dāng)主語的名/代詞（特別是人稱代詞）在一般情況下可以省略掉，如果有必要強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)可用by表示，常放在句子后面。例如：

They are adding new functions to the phones.

7、當(dāng)用了現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的句子由主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)后，其否定式的構(gòu)成主要把not放在謂語動(dòng)詞中第一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞（am ，are或is）后面構(gòu)成，而疑問式的構(gòu)成則是把句子謂語動(dòng)詞的第一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞（am，are或is）移到句子前（第一個(gè)字母要大寫），然后在句子后面加上問號(hào)而成。例如：

New nature parks are being started in China.

New nature parks are not being started in China.（否定式）

Are milu deer being sent to China from Britain（疑問式）

如果是特殊疑問句還要在這個(gè)助詞前面加上適當(dāng)疑問詞。例如：

Why is money being collected

▲高考英語語法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示說話時(shí)或現(xiàn)階段某個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行, 謂語動(dòng)詞的形式為―am / is / are + being+ done‖。

否定式為―am / is / are + not + being +done‖

疑問式為―am / is / are + 主語 + being +done‖

The car is being repaired.

She is being examined by a doctor.

Some animals are not being protected well enough.

Is this bridge being repaired now

1.表示此刻正在進(jìn)行的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作。

The project is being discussed at the meeting.

A new film is being shown in the theater.

My house is being painted now.

2.表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作，但此動(dòng)作不一定在此時(shí)此刻發(fā)生。

A new station is being built.

Many interesting experiences are being carried out these days.

A modern school is being built in our hometown.

3.表示經(jīng)常的被動(dòng)行為，常和always, often, constantly 等詞連用。(表達(dá)某種感情色彩)

He is always being praised by the teacher.

4.與部分情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用，表示對(duì)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作的推測。

He may be being beaten by his father at the very moment.

▲高考英語語法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的注意事項(xiàng)

1.注意不可遺漏―being‖ , 如果把being漏掉，就成為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)或系表結(jié)構(gòu)。

Look. The children are being taken care of by their aunt. (現(xiàn)在的情況）

Children are taken good care of at school. (通常的情況）

The report is being written by one of the best students.

The report is well written

2.注意現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)也可以表示將來?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)有時(shí)可表示按計(jì)劃或安排將要進(jìn)行的一個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作(此種用法僅限于少數(shù)及物動(dòng)詞)。

A folk song is being sung next.

A party is being held tonight.

It is said that a plane is being flown by him to America at eight next Sunday.

3.注意沒有現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的動(dòng)詞。一些表示―狀態(tài)、心理活動(dòng)、擁有、存在等的動(dòng)詞,一般不用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),而常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示此時(shí)此刻或目前主語正承受謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作。

Xiao Wang, come here. You are wanted on the phone.

Football is becoming more and more popular. In other words, it is loved by more and more people.

4. ―be +under/ in等介詞+名詞‖結(jié)構(gòu)可表示現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的含義。(名詞前一般不用冠詞）be + under / in + n. 可代替進(jìn)行時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)

The city is under attack (= is being attacked) at the moment.

The problem is under discussion (= is being discussed) at the meeting.

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