在日常學(xué)習(xí)、工作或生活中，大家總少不了接觸作文或者范文吧，通過文章可以把我們那些零零散散的思想，聚集在一塊。范文書寫有哪些要求呢？我們怎樣才能寫好一篇范文呢？下面我給大家整理了一些優(yōu)秀范文，希望能夠幫助到大家，我們一起來看一看吧。
交通噪音污染的解決辦法篇一
一項(xiàng)新研究表明，交通噪音可能會(huì)讓你的壽命縮短。長期忍受隆隆響的卡車聲、嗶嗶的喇叭聲、尖銳的輪胎聲，容易縮短壽命，增加中風(fēng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
people surrounded by daytime traffic noise louder than 60db were 4 per cent more likely to diethan those where noise levels were 55db – roughly the level of a loud conversation.
相較于那些生活在噪音水平為55分貝(大概相當(dāng)于大聲說話)區(qū)域的人，被大于60分貝的日間交通噪音包圍的人群的死亡率要高出4%。
the extra deaths mostly involved heart or artery disease - which could in turn be linked to raisedblood pressure, sleep problems and stress brought on by noise, the scientists claim.
科學(xué)家稱，額外死亡的原因主要包括心臟或動(dòng)脈疾病，而這些與噪音導(dǎo)致的血壓偏高、睡眠問題和壓力有關(guān)。
a total of 8.6 million living in london between 2003 and 2010 provided data for the study,reported in the european heart journal.
《歐洲心臟雜志》(european heart journal)的報(bào)告指出，該項(xiàng)研究的數(shù)據(jù)來源是2003至2010年居住在倫敦的860萬人。
lead scientist dr jaana halonen, from the london school of hygiene & tropical medicine, said: 'road traffic noise has previously been associated with sleep problems and increased bloodpressure, but our study is the first in the uk to show a link with deaths and strokes.'
倫敦衛(wèi)生及熱帶醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)院 (london school of hygiene & tropical medicine)的首席科學(xué)家亞納·哈洛寧博士(jaana halonen)表示：“道路交通噪音早前被證明與睡眠問題和血壓升高有關(guān)，但我們的研究是英國第一個(gè)將道路交通噪音和死亡、中風(fēng)聯(lián)系在一起的?！?/p>
in london, more than 1.6 million people are exposed to daytime road traffic noise louder thanthis threshold.
在倫敦，超過160萬的人口暴露在日間交通噪音的環(huán)境中，且噪音超過臨界值。
the study also found that adults living in areas with the noisiest daytime traffic were 5% morelikely to be admitted to hospital for stroke than those from quieter neighbourhoods. for theelderly, this increase in risk rose to 9%.
這項(xiàng)研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)，比起住在較為安靜區(qū)域的人，那些生活在日間交通噪音污染最嚴(yán)重區(qū)域的成年人因中風(fēng)而入院的可能性要高出5%。對于老年人來說，這種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)甚至增加至9%。
between 2003 and 2010, a total of 442,560 adults from the study population died from allcauses, of whom 291,139 were elderly.
2003至2010年期間，研究調(diào)查對象中有 442,560名成年人因各種原因死亡，其中291,139名為老年人。
the scientists looked levels of road traffic noise between 7am and 11pm, and at night between11pm and 7am, across a range of different postcodes and correlated their findings with death andhospital admission rates. a number of factors - including inspaniduals' age and sex as well asethnicity, smoking levels, air pollution and socio-economic deprivation - were taken into account.
科學(xué)家研究了多個(gè)郵政區(qū)域7:00至23:00，以及23:00至次日07:00的道路交通噪音水平，并將其調(diào)查結(jié)果與死亡率及入院率相互聯(lián)系起來。個(gè)人年齡、性別、種族，吸煙強(qiáng)度、空氣污染和社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)困境等多種因素均考慮在內(nèi)。
commenting on the findings, professor francesco cappuccio, chair of cardiovascular medicine andepidemiology at the university of warwick, said: 'the results do not imply a direct cause-effectrelationship. however, they are consistent with other evidence to suggest a possible causal link.'
針對研究結(jié)果，華威大學(xué)(university of warwick)心血管醫(yī)學(xué)和流行病學(xué)主席、教授弗朗西斯科·卡普喬(francesco cappuccio)發(fā)表評論稱：“這些結(jié)果并不意味著道路交通噪音和死亡、中風(fēng)之間存在直接因果關(guān)系。不過，研究結(jié)果與其他能證明這種因果關(guān)系可能存在的證據(jù)具有一致性?！?/p>
'for instance, it has been well established that nocturnal traffic noise disrupts sleep quantity andquality. if sustained over time, these disturbances, like sleep deprivation, have been associatedwith a 12% increased risk of all-cause mortality, mainly due to a 15% increase in stroke eventsand high blood pressure. public health policies must pay more attention to this emergingevidence.'
“比如，人們普遍認(rèn)為，夜間交通噪音縮短睡眠時(shí)間，降低睡眠質(zhì)量。長此以往，睡眠不足等問題會(huì)導(dǎo)致全死因死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加12%，而這主要是因?yàn)樗卟蛔銜?huì)導(dǎo)致中風(fēng)、高血壓風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加15%。公共衛(wèi)生政策必須對這些新結(jié)果引起重視?！?/p>
dr tim chico, consultant cardiologist at the university of sheffield, said: ‘there may be otherfactors that link high noise areas with cardiovascular disease, and it is difficult to take all of theseinto account.
謝菲爾德大學(xué)的心臟病顧問專家蒂姆·奇科(tim chico)說：“也許有其他因素導(dǎo)致生活在高噪音區(qū)域的人有心血管疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，要把所有因素考慮在內(nèi)有一定困難。”
nevertheless, given what we know about traffic emissions increasing heart disease, we shouldremember that travelling by foot or bike is definitely healthier - both for you and for the peoplearound you.’
盡管如此，鑒于我們知道機(jī)動(dòng)車尾氣會(huì)增加心臟病患病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，無論是為自己還是身邊的人著想，我們都應(yīng)該記得，步行或騎車出行絕對更為健康。
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