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eigrp協(xié)議配置命令篇一
我們?cè)诮涌谂渲眠^(guò)程中，幀中繼的dlci號(hào)和ip映射時(shí)也沒(méi)有配置broadcast 參數(shù)，這類問(wèn)題該如何解決?下面小編給你帶來(lái)的內(nèi)容回答以上疑問(wèn)。
r1(config)#router eigrp 100
r1(config-router)#no auto-summary //關(guān)閉自動(dòng)匯總
r1(config-router)#net 192.168.1.0 //宣告路由條目
r1(config-router)#end
r2(config)#router eigrp 100
r2(config-router)#no auto-summary
r2(config-router)#net 192.168.1.0
r2(config-router)#net 10.1.0.0 0.0.255.255 //宣告路由條目
r2(config-router)#end
r3(config)#router eigrp 100
r3(config-router)#no auto-summary
r3(config-router)#net 192.168.1.0
r3(config-router)#net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
r3(config-router)#end
r1#show ip eigrp neighbors //查看eigrp 鄰居表，發(fā)現(xiàn)并沒(méi)有鄰居
ip-eigrp neighbors for process 100
r1#show ip eigrp topology //查看eigrp 拓?fù)浔?，并沒(méi)有學(xué)習(xí)到任何的路由
ip-eigrp topology table for as(100)/id(192.168.1.1)
codes: p – passive, a – active, u – update, q – query, r – reply,
r – reply status, s – sia status
p 192.168.1.0/24, 1 successors, fd is 2169856
via connected, serial0/0
因?yàn)閹欣^默認(rèn)為nbma 模式，也就是非廣播的多路訪問(wèn)模式，它會(huì)阻止廣播數(shù)據(jù)和組播數(shù)據(jù)，我們?cè)诮涌谂渲眠^(guò)程中，幀中繼的dlci 號(hào)和ip 映射時(shí)也沒(méi)有配置broadcast 參數(shù)，而eigrp 路由協(xié)議通過(guò)組播地址224.0.0.10 來(lái)發(fā)送相應(yīng)的路由信息(比如hello、update 等數(shù)據(jù)包)，所以r1 并沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)任何的鄰居路由器。
為了能讓eigrp的路由信息通過(guò)幀中繼傳播，在沒(méi)有配置broadcast 參數(shù)的情況下，我們可以通過(guò)單播的形式來(lái)發(fā)送eigrp 數(shù)據(jù)包，我們對(duì)以上的配置進(jìn)行改進(jìn)：
r1(config)#router eigrp 100
r1(config-router)#neighbor 192.168.1.2 serial 0/0 //手工指定鄰居，實(shí)現(xiàn)單播方式
r1(config-router)#neighbor 192.168.1.3 serial 0/0
r1(config-router)#end
r2(config)#router eigrp 100
r2(config-router)#neighbor 192.168.1.1 serial 0/0 //手工指定鄰居，實(shí)現(xiàn)單播方式
r2(config-router)#end
r3(config)#router eigrp 100
r3(config-router)#neighbor 192.168.1.1 serial 0/0 //手工指定鄰居，實(shí)現(xiàn)單播方式
r3(config-router)#end
*mar 1 00:29:18.955: %dual-5-nbrchange: ip-eigrp(0) 100: neighbor 192.168.1.2 (serial0/0) is up: new adjacency
*mar 1 00:29:19.115: %dual-5-nbrchange: ip-eigrp(0) 100: neighbor 192.168.1.3 (serial0/0) is up: new adjacency
r1#show ip eigrp neighbors
ip-eigrp neighbors for process 100
h address interface hold uptime srtt rto q seq
(sec) (ms) cnt num
1 192.168.1.3 se0/0 156 00:01:19 99 594 0 3
0 192.168.1.2 se0/0 154 00:01:19 137 822 0 3
r2#
*mar 1 00:29:18.979: %dual-5-nbrchange: ip-eigrp(0) 100: neighbor 192.168.1.1 (serial0/0) is up: new adjacency
r2#
r2#show ip eigrp neighbor
ip-eigrp neighbors for process 100
h address interface hold uptime srtt rto q seq
(sec) (ms) cnt num
0 192.168.1.1 se0/0 138 00:02:31 171 1026 0 7
r1#show ip route eigrp 100 //查看路由表，可以看到r1 能夠?qū)W習(xí)到r2 和r3 相應(yīng)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
d 172.16.0.0 [90/2297856] via 192.168.1.3, 00:03:45, serial0/0
d 172.16.1.0 [90/2297856] via 192.168.1.3, 00:03:45, serial0/0
d 172.16.2.0 [90/2297856] via 192.168.1.3, 00:03:45, serial0/0
d 172.16.3.0 [90/2297856] via 192.168.1.3, 00:03:45, serial0/0
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
d 10.1.3.0 [90/2297856] via 192.168.1.2, 00:03:45, serial0/0
d 10.1.2.0 [90/2297856] via 192.168.1.2, 00:03:45, serial0/0
d 10.1.1.0 [90/2297856] via 192.168.1.2, 00:03:45, serial0/0
d 10.1.0.0 [90/2297856] via 192.168.1.2, 00:03:45, serial0/0
r1#ping 10.1.0.1 //驗(yàn)證是否可以訪問(wèn)r2 的網(wǎng)絡(luò)
type escape sequence to abort.
sending 5, 100-byte icmp echos to 10.1.0.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/56/104 ms
r1#ping 172.16.0.1 //驗(yàn)證是否可以訪問(wèn)r3 的網(wǎng)絡(luò)
type escape sequence to abort.
sending 5, 100-byte icmp echos to 172.16.0.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/52/124 ms
查看r2 的路由表：
r2#show ip route
codes: c – connected, s – static, r – rip, m – mobile, b – bgp
d – eigrp, ex – eigrp external, o – ospf, ia – ospf inter area
n1 – ospf nssa external type 1, n2 – ospf nssa external type 2
e1 – ospf external type 1, e2 – ospf external type 2
i – is-is, su – is-is summary, l1 – is-is level-1, l2 – is-is level-2
ia – is-is inter area, * – candidate default, u – per-user static route
o – odr, p – periodic downloaded static route
gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
c 10.1.3.0 is directly connected, loopback3
c 10.1.2.0 is directly connected, loopback2
c 10.1.1.0 is directly connected, loopback1
c 10.1.0.0 is directly connected, loopback0
c 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, serial0/0
發(fā)現(xiàn)r2 并沒(méi)有學(xué)習(xí)到r3 的172.16.0.0 網(wǎng)絡(luò)， r1 通過(guò)s0/0 接口學(xué)習(xí)到r3 宣告的172.16.0.0網(wǎng)絡(luò)，因?yàn)閞1 s0/0 接口的水平分割機(jī)制導(dǎo)致r1 不會(huì)再由這個(gè)接口s0/0 發(fā)布出去，所以r2無(wú)法學(xué)習(xí)到r3 宣告的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，同理，r3 也無(wú)法學(xué)習(xí)到r2 宣告的網(wǎng)絡(luò)。
對(duì)幀中繼配置進(jìn)行修正，使用broadcast 參數(shù)：
r1(config)#router eigrp 100
r1(config-router)#no neighbor 192.168.1.2 s0/0 //取消手工指定鄰居
*mar 1 00:42:29.807: %dual-5-nbrchange: ip-eigrp(0) 100: neighbor 192.168.1.2 (serial0/0) is down:
r1(config-router)#no neighbor 192.168.1.3 s0/0
*mar 1 00:42:32.623: %dual-5-nbrchange: ip-eigrp(0) 100: neighbor 192.168.1.3 (serial0/0) is down:
r1(config-router)#exit
r1(config)#int s0/0
r1(config-if)#no fram map ip 192.168.1.2 102 //取消之前不帶broadcast 參數(shù)的靜態(tài)映射
r1(config-if)#no fram map ip 192.168.1.3 103
r1(config-if)#frame map ip 192.168.1.2 102 broadcast
r1(config-if)#frame map ip 192.168.1.3 103 broadcast
r1(config-if)#end
r2(config)#router eigrp 100
r2(config-router)#no neighbor 192.168.1.1 serial0/0
r2(config-router)#int s0/0
r2(config-if)#no frame-relay map ip 192.168.1.1 201
r2(config-if)# frame-relay map ip 192.168.1.1 201 broadcast
r3(config)#router eigrp 100
r3(config-router)#no neighbor 192.168.1.1 serial0/0
r3(config-router)#int s0/0
r3(config-if)#no
*mar 1 00:47:58.943: %dual-5-nbrchange: ip-eigrp(0) 100: neighbor 192.168.1.1 (serial0/0) is up: new adjacency
r3(config-if)#no frame-relay map ip 192.168.1.1 301
r3(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.1.1 301 broadcast
r3(config-if)#end
可以看到添加了broadcast 后，幀中繼可以正常的.傳遞組播數(shù)據(jù)了，r1 就可以和r2 和r3 建立鄰居關(guān)系并正常學(xué)習(xí)到路由。
r1#show ip eigrp neighbors
ip-eigrp neighbors for process 100
h address interface hold uptime srtt rto q seq
(sec) (ms) cnt num
1 192.168.1.3 se0/0 178 00:00:03 906 5000 0 7
0 192.168.1.2 se0/0 178 00:01:57 1040 5000 0 6
r1#show ip route eigrp 100
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
d 172.16.0.0 [90/2297856] via 192.168.1.3, 00:00:53, serial0/0
d 172.16.1.0 [90/2297856] via 192.168.1.3, 00:00:53, serial0/0
d 172.16.2.0 [90/2297856] via 192.168.1.3, 00:00:53, serial0/0
d 172.16.3.0 [90/2297856] via 192.168.1.3, 00:00:53, serial0/0
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
d 10.1.3.0 [90/2297856] via 192.168.1.2, 00:02:46, serial0/0
d 10.1.2.0 [90/2297856] via 192.168.1.2, 00:02:46, serial0/0
d 10.1.1.0 [90/2297856] via 192.168.1.2, 00:02:46, serial0/0
d 10.1.0.0 [90/2297856] via 192.168.1.2, 00:02:46, serial0/0
查看r3 的路由表，發(fā)現(xiàn)r3 并沒(méi)有學(xué)習(xí)到r2 的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，這是因?yàn)閞1 默認(rèn)情況下接口有水平。
r3#show ip route
codes: c – connected, s – static, r – rip, m – mobile, b – bgp
d – eigrp, ex – eigrp external, o – ospf, ia – ospf inter area
n1 – ospf nssa external type 1, n2 – ospf nssa external type 2
e1 – ospf external type 1, e2 – ospf external type 2
i – is-is, su – is-is summary, l1 – is-is level-1, l2 – is-is level-2
ia – is-is inter area, * – candidate default, u – per-user static route
o – odr, p – periodic downloaded static route
gateway of last resort is not set
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
c 172.16.0.0 is directly connected, loopback0
c 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, loopback1
c 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, loopback2
c 172.16.3.0 is directly connected, loopback3
c 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, serial0/0
將r1 接口的水平分割關(guān)閉：
r1(config)#interface serial 0/0
r1(config-if)#no ip split-horizon eigrp 100
r1(config-if)#end
當(dāng)r1 的水平分割關(guān)閉后，eigrp 進(jìn)程會(huì)出現(xiàn)相應(yīng)提示：
*mar 1 00:52:25.055: %dual-5-nbrchange: ip-eigrp(0) 100: neighbor 192.168.1.3 (serial0/0) is resync: split horizon changed
*mar 1 00:52:25.055: %dual-5-nbrchange: ip-eigrp(0) 100: neighbor 192.168.1.2 (serial0/0) is resync: split horizon changed
查看r1 接口s0/0 的情況：
r1#show ip int s0/0 | include split
split horizon is disabled
r2#show ip route eigrp 100
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
d 172.16.0.0 [90/2809856] via 192.168.1.1, 00:08:03, serial0/0
d 172.16.1.0 [90/2809856] via 192.168.1.1, 00:08:03, serial0/0
d 172.16.2.0 [90/2809856] via 192.168.1.1, 00:08:03, serial0/0
d 172.16.3.0 [90/2809856] via 192.168.1.1, 00:08:03, serial0/0
雖然r2 路由表中有172.16.2.0/24 網(wǎng)絡(luò)，但r2 并沒(méi)有ping 通，這是什么原因?
因?yàn)閞3 的串行口幀中繼配置時(shí)，只做了ip 192.168.1.1 和dlci 號(hào)的對(duì)應(yīng)，沒(méi)有做ip 192。168.1.2 和dlci 號(hào)的映射，所以r2 ping 172.16.2.1 時(shí)，采用的源地址為192.168.1.2，通過(guò)路由表發(fā)現(xiàn)目的地址172.16.2.1 具有符合的條目，轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)接口為192.168.1.1，于是由r1 轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)到r3，r3 在回包過(guò)程時(shí)，源地址為172.16.2.1，而目標(biāo)地址為192.168.1.2，但它不知道這個(gè)地址怎么轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)于是就丟棄。
r3(config)#int s0/0
r3(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.1.2 301 broadcast
r2(config-if)#end
r2(config)#int s0/0
r2(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.1.3 201 broadcast
r2(config-if)#end
r2#ping 172.16.1.1
type escape sequence to abort.
sending 5, 100-byte icmp echos to 172.16.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 44/88/160 ms
s("content_relate");
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