每個(gè)人都曾試圖在平淡的學(xué)習(xí)、工作和生活中寫一篇文章。寫作是培養(yǎng)人的觀察、聯(lián)想、想象、思維和記憶的重要手段。寫范文的時(shí)候需要注意什么呢？有哪些格式需要注意呢？這里我整理了一些優(yōu)秀的范文，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助，下面我們就來(lái)了解一下吧。
承德導(dǎo)游詞簡(jiǎn)短 承德導(dǎo)游詞1000字篇一
本日一早晨，我們帶上隨身物品來(lái)到了火車站。歷經(jīng)6個(gè)多小時(shí)的遠(yuǎn)程跋涉，顛末巨細(xì)26個(gè)站點(diǎn)，終于達(dá)到了我們的目標(biāo)地——承德。
達(dá)到目標(biāo)地后，我們抉擇先去小布達(dá)拉宮游覽一番。我們打上車，一起說(shuō)言笑笑，不知不覺(jué)的就到了小布達(dá)拉宮，而且尚有免費(fèi)的導(dǎo)游領(lǐng)路和講授。讓我們分明白很多古代的工作。說(shuō)小布達(dá)拉宮是為了慶賀乾隆天子六十壽辰和皇太后八十壽辰而建筑的。首要特點(diǎn)是藏式構(gòu)筑。顛末戰(zhàn)亂，很多紅墻脫落，白墻坍毀，召集各人捐錢重建小布達(dá)拉宮。
我們一邊聽講授，一邊走路。發(fā)明有3個(gè)大門可以走，導(dǎo)游說(shuō)左邊的門是蓬勃門，右邊的門是升官門，中間的是安全門。大大都人都走了安全門，媽媽卻走蓬勃門，我迷惑的問(wèn)媽媽為什么走蓬勃門，媽媽說(shuō)：“我但愿我們公司的買賣茂盛，財(cái)路滔滔，雖然得走蓬勃門了!”“哦，原本是這樣呀?！蔽页兄Z一聲繼承向前走。
不久，我們來(lái)到了一座寺廟——佛緣，任務(wù)講授員說(shuō)這里是天子天天都來(lái)拜的大佛。接近大佛可覺(jué)得家人許愿，沾一點(diǎn)靈氣回家。媽媽便為我求了一個(gè)佛珠，100元吶，嚇?biāo)牢伊?媽媽說(shuō)這玉珠只是眷念品罷了，要害是我們?yōu)橹亟ㄐ〔歼_(dá)拉宮添磚加瓦孝順一點(diǎn)力氣。我名頓開，多年往后，重建的小布達(dá)拉宮也有我的“功勛”呢!
一起上，固然下著小雨，我們依然興高采烈。當(dāng)我們登上小布達(dá)拉宮時(shí)，發(fā)明墻壁上有很多窗戶，有些是關(guān)閉的，有些是敞開的。導(dǎo)游說(shuō)：“這是佛常常念佛的處所。佛不能看到人世的花花綠綠，男女老小。這些窗戶有些是明窗，有些是盲窗。明窗是向上傾斜45°角，向外只能看到藍(lán)天和白云。盲窗天然是關(guān)閉式的，基礎(chǔ)看不到表面的?！睘榱俗C實(shí)導(dǎo)游說(shuō)的，我們進(jìn)去一看，公然與導(dǎo)游說(shuō)的千篇一律。轉(zhuǎn)眼間，導(dǎo)游與我們辭別了，說(shuō)：“我的事變到此竣事，衷心祝愿各人旅途舒暢!”
就這樣，我們?cè)趯?dǎo)游的活躍講授中竣事了小布達(dá)拉宮之旅。
承德導(dǎo)游詞簡(jiǎn)短 承德導(dǎo)游詞1000字篇二
各位朋友們：
大家好，歡迎大家來(lái)承德避暑山莊觀光游覽。避暑山莊位于承德市區(qū)北部，是我國(guó)現(xiàn)存最大的古典皇家園林。
避暑山莊是清代康、乾盛世的象征。作為山莊締造者的康熙、乾隆，都曾六下江南，遍歷天下景物之美。在修建避暑山莊時(shí)，博采眾家之長(zhǎng)，融合中國(guó)南北園林風(fēng)格為一體，使避暑山莊成為中國(guó)古典園林藝術(shù)的總結(jié)與升華。我國(guó)園林專家們說(shuō)，整個(gè)避暑山莊就是祖國(guó)錦繡河山的縮影，這原因與避暑山莊的地形有關(guān)。
請(qǐng)各位向右看，遠(yuǎn)處的山巒上，有一巨大石柱，擎天而立，直插云端。它上粗下細(xì)，很像洗衣用的棒槌，我們承德人叫它棒槌山，康熙皇帝賜名“磬錘峰”。修建避暑山莊時(shí)，巧借此景，使山莊內(nèi)外渾然一體，擴(kuò)大了空間感，創(chuàng)造了新的意境美，這是山莊設(shè)計(jì)者運(yùn)用“借景”這一造園藝術(shù)的成功典范。一般來(lái)承德的人，都要到山上去摸一下棒槌山，因?yàn)槌械旅耖g流傳這樣一句話：“摸到棒槌山，能活一百三。”如果大家有興趣的話，不妨明天上山摸一摸，一定很有意思的。
門前兩側(cè)這兩個(gè)銅獅，威風(fēng)凜凜。說(shuō)起這兩個(gè)銅獅，還有一段動(dòng)人的傳說(shuō)呢!相傳在中國(guó)抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)時(shí)期，日本侵略軍侵占了承德并大肆搶劫。有一天一群日本兵發(fā)現(xiàn)這兩個(gè)銅獅子很漂亮，是無(wú)價(jià)之寶，就想搶走，可是銅獅子太重，他們搬也搬不動(dòng)，于是就分頭去找工具。這一切讓護(hù)院的老人看在眼里，痛在心上。他想銅獅子是國(guó)家的財(cái)寶，決不能讓日本兵搶走。他靈機(jī)一動(dòng)，立即從村里找來(lái)豬血，涂在獅子的眼睛上，等日本兵找到工具回來(lái)后發(fā)現(xiàn)獅子的眼睛紅紅的，都哭出了血，個(gè)個(gè)嚇得目瞪口呆，害怕搬動(dòng)獅子會(huì)給他們帶來(lái)厄運(yùn)，便慌里慌張地逃走了，這對(duì)國(guó)寶才得以保留至今?，F(xiàn)在這對(duì)銅獅成了人們心目中的吉祥物。如果大家想萬(wàn)事如意的話，千萬(wàn)別忘了摸摸它。
今天我們就到這兒，我們下次見(jiàn)，goodbay!
承德導(dǎo)游詞簡(jiǎn)短 承德導(dǎo)游詞1000字篇三
good morning, ladies and gentlemen, uncles, aunts, aunts, husbands,brothers, sisters, ladies and sisters. first of all, on behalf of the boss ofthe travel agency and all the landlords, as well as myself and the driver infront of me, i would like to extend my heartfelt greetings to you.
it's said that 500 times of looking back in the past life, only in exchangefor a brush in this life. today, we people from different cities can share a carto spend 3 days and 2 nights together in chengde, which shows the great fatebetween us. it also shows that we didn't do anything else in our last life, andwe turned back.
having said so much, you still don't know me. let me introduce myself. i'mthe tour guide of our 3-day tour in chengde. the moral introduction of my namemakes it easy for you to remember and recognize. you can call me a guide, orwhatever, but don't call a guide. when you call a guide in the scenic area,seven or eight people who turn back don't know who is who.
i know you are very sleepy now, so i'll talk about the itinerary later. letme get to know you first. if you have anything, you can find me. my phone numberis 188605. at the same time, please remember the license plate number to avoidgetting on the wrong bus. what's the name of our group group, in the name of thetail number of the license plate, on the one hand, always remind you of thelicense plate, on the other hand, it's the peak tourist season in , five cars were sent together. i can't tell the group's collectionclearly, so that you can quickly get familiar with the organization.
as we have a long drive, we are expected to arrive in chengde at about 1p.m., so i'd like to make it clear to you first.
1. first of all, our seats are fixed. we will do whatever we sit today inthe next three days. this seat is not arranged by me. it is arranged by thetravel agency according to the order of everyone's registration. the quality ofour group's tourists is relatively good. it's not said that there aredifferences because of the seats. we are front-line tour guides. we often travelin groups. once i met a situation where 30 of 50 people in a car said they werecarsick, but our bus can't drive horizontally. therefore, the travel agencydidn't promise that they would be carsick in front of us when they received theservice, because they were all carsick. so if you want to be the front-linetourists, please register in advance. however, we are at high speed all the way,like this one-and-a-half floor bus, it is the same before and after sitting, andthere will be no carsickness.
2. the luggage reminds you to put the scattered things on the top, and it'sbetter not to put the things in the front two compartments, because the brakingcurve is easy to cause the luggage to fall off, so as to avoid hurting personal valuables with you.
3. parents with children must be optimistic about their babies. don't runaround in the car. we adults are the same. people are not allowed to stand orwalk when the car is running at high speed. don't feel tired. it's ok to rely onit for a while, because the road conditions are changing at any time. i remembera tourist just like i am now resting. as a result, a person with emergency brakeflew directly past. although there is insurance, it's not safe suffer. althoughthe master is good at driving long-distance chengde line, but for the sake ofsafety, we try to do in the seat, armrest down and fasten the seat belt.
4. there will be a stop in the service area in about three hours. you canalso go down for a walk to relieve yourself. if you have a friend who is in ahurry, please remember to tell the guide that we are on the highway, not thatyou can't hold it. we can only stop when you get the service area. withoutspecial circumstances, we normally stop every three hours, so that we can get tothe scenic spot earlier.
5. and then there is the sanitation in the car. first of all, smoking isnot allowed in the car, whether it is running or stationary. then there is noteating melon seeds and other easy to jump, that are all snacks. garbage we putin garbage bags, not enough garbage bags to find guide to ha. remember to takethe garbage down when you get off the car. some perishable food has beensuffocating for a long time. it really smells bad. then there is the food with
dear friends
hello! today we visit pule temple. pule temple, commonly known asyuantingzi, is another royal temple built by emperor qianlong after puningtemple and anyuan temple. it covers an area of 24000 square meters with the eastfacing the west and the central axis facing the summer resort. the first half ofthe architecture of pule temple is the traditional "jialan qitang" style of thehan temple, and the second half is the tibetan form. the main building of thetemple, xuguang pavilion, imitates the praying hall of the temple of heaven inbeijing. the layout of the building is different from that of ordinary temples,which breaks the pattern of traditional temples facing south. in the east, it isadjacent to the chime hammer peak, and in the west, it is opposite to the summerresort. it echoes with the puren temple, anyuan temple, puning temple, xumifushou temple, putuo zongcheng temple, etc. in the eight outer temples, forminga pattern of stars holding the moon and bowing to the summer resort.
(in front of the mountain gate of pule temple)
now we come to the gate of pule temple. there is a pair of stone lions infront of the door. you see how well preserved they are. in the middle of themountain gate, there is a stone plaque inscribed with "pule temple" written byemperor qianlong in han, manchu, mongolian and tibetan languages.
(entering the mountain gate)
the first thing you can see when you enter the mountain gate is the belland drum towers on both sides of the north and the south. its function is thesame as the bell and drum towers of puning temple. i will not repeat ithere.
you see, there is a five room hall with a single eaves on the top of theplatform. under the central eaves is a yunlong plaque written by emperorqianlong. in the center of the hall is maitreya buddha with a big belly. he hasa fat head and a big cheek. he is happy with his eyebrows and smiles. it seemsthat he is welcoming us. on both sides of the cloth bag monk are clay statues ofthe four heavenly kings.
the four heavenly kings, 8.38 meters high, are in sitting position. thoughthey have been living for 200 years, they are still resplendent and magnificent,ranking second to none in the country. behind maitreya buddha stands weituobuddha. weituo is the dharma protector of the buddha and one of the eightgenerals of the southern growth heavenly king, ranking first among the 32generals (each of the four heavenly kings has eight generals). it is said thatwhen sakyamuni buddha came to nirvana, the evil spirits took away the remains ofthe buddha, and weituo chased them in time and tried hard to recapture ore, buddhism regards him as the god to expel evil spirits and protectbuddhism. since the song dynasty, chinese temples have worshipped weituo, knownas weituo bodhisattva. they often stand behind the maitreya buddha statue andface the main hall to protect the dharma and help monks.
(in front of zongyin hall)
when we enter the second courtyard from the tianwang hall, we are presentedwith a hall with seven wide faces and five deep faces, with double eaves andglass tile roofs on xieshan mountain. this is the main building of the temple"zongyin hall". zongyin means that buddhism is the unchanging truth. in thecenter of the main ridge of zongyin hall, there is a yellow glazed tile lamatower, about two meters high. the base of the tower is xumizuo. the tower iscomposed of chenglu pan, xianglun, sun and moon. on both sides of the pagoda areinlaid with eight ornaments for buddha's offering: wheel (dharma wheel), snail(buddha's sound is widely spread), umbrella (protecting all dharma), cover(buddha's power), lotus (not contaminated by worldly customs), vase (virtue isperfect), pisces (freedom and liberation), pan chang (buddhist doctrine runsthrough all the time). in the center of the hall, there are three buddhas: thepharmacist buddha in the oriental glass world, the sakyamuni buddha in thechinese dancing world, and the amitabha buddha in the western paradise. thereare eight wood carved bodhisattvas on the stone xumi seats on both sides of thethree buddhas: manjusri, vajrayana, avalokitesvara and king tibetans in thesouth; puxian, maitreya, void tibetans and removing dirt and obstacles in thenorth. they are called eight bodhisattvas. the eight bodhisattvas are of thesame size. they are all carved in wood and painted in gold.
there are five auxiliary halls on each side of zongyin hall. the nanpeihall is called "huili hall". in the hall, there are statues of buddha, vajrawith horse head, vajra with subduing part and vajra with anger. they are pink,blue, red, three heads and six arms, with human skin on the back and tiger skinskirt around the waist. the backlight behind is a five color flame, which issaid to represent five kinds of "wisdom". the north side hall is "shengyinhall". inside the hall is dedicated to the inner achievement of vajra hand, theouter achievement of vajra hand and the secret achievement of vajra hand. it issaid that these three buddhas are the images of sakyamuni when he preached thesecret dharma, and are the secret incarnations of sakyamuni. so it's also called"secret master".
(shangcheng)
dear friends, we now come to the "city" in the eastern half of pule city is actually a datura entity. mandala is a transliteration of sanskrit,translated as "tan" or "daochang". this is the place where the lamas practice,observe and teach the secret law. in order to prevent the invasion of "demons",the tantric sect of lamaism drew a circle or built a high altar on the practicesite, on which the buddha, bodhisattva or scroll were placed. only in this waycan we get the protection of buddha and bodhisattva and not be disturbed by the"demons".
the city is spanided into three layers: the outer layer is a group of squarehouses. there are doors on all sides. facing the west is the main gate, which isthree rooms wide and one room deep, with a single eaves resting on the top ofthe mountain. there is a qianlong stele built in the gate hall. it is inscribedwith qianlong's stele of pule temple written in manchu, han, mongolian andtibetan languages. the construction of pule temple is not like that of puningtemple and anyuan temple. in view of specific historical events, emperorqianlong felt that there was still a large space to be used from puning templeand anyuan temple to the area of qinghammer peak. in order to make the overallrational layout of the temples around the summer resort, he built this temple."pule" is derived from fan zhongyan's "yueyang tower" in which "the worries ofthe world come first and then the happiness of the world come later". on bothsides of the original square courtyard, it has 72 single-layer gallery room, nolonger exist.
the second floor is a square stone platform with battlements on the brickwall. a stone arch is built in the center of the platform, and there is acorridor between the arch and the gate hall. in the middle of the west arch,there is a stone plaque of "shewei xianxiang" written by emperor qianlong, whichmeans that it is the same as shewei state, showing auspicious scenery. there arestone pedals on both sides of the arch leading to the bottom of the arches on the north and south sides are closed, with buddhist painting axeshanging inside. there is a small hall at the exit of the pedal road from thepedal road to the top of the second floor platform. there are eight lama pagodaswith the same shape and different colors in the middle of the four corners andfour sides of the top. the pagoda is spanided into five colors: yellow, black,purple, green and white. these five colors represent the "five elements" ofland, water, fire, wind and air in lamaism. the five color pagoda symbolizes thefive color land (the land of china's kyushu is five colors), which means thatunder the heaven, is it the king's land. the eight pagodas are spanided intoeight directions and serve as the merit towers of sakyamuni's "eight greatachievements" (buddha, becoming tao, turning the wheel of dharma, manifestingsupernatural powers, benefiting the world, transforming monks, thinkingimmeasurably and entering nirvana). it symbolizes the long-term and stable ruleof the qing dynasty.
the square stone platform on the third floor is surrounded by stonerailings. in the center of the platform is the main building "xuguang pavilion"in the second half of the temple. it means facing the rising sun in the is a round pavilion with double eaves, yellow glazed tiles and a pointedroof. its shape is the same as that of the praying hall of the temple of heavenin beijing. 12 eaves columns and 12 gold columns support the double eaves domein two layers. the square platform and the round roof show the ancient chinesecosmology with a round sky and a round place. the building on the round stonexumi seat in the center of the hall is called "mandala", which is athree-dimensional "mandala" model in china.
the nine palace grid on its base is made of 37 pieces of wood, representing37 kinds of knowledge of sakyamuni. in the middle of the mandala, there is adouble bronze statue of the king buddha of shangle. shangle king buddha, alsoknown as shengle king buddha, is also called "huanxi buddha". it is also named"deqiao" and is one of the original buddhas of tantric practice of c school advocates practicing secret law, that is, practicing through "thedoor of convenience" (yoga) to become a buddha. king buddha of shangle is theincarnation of king buddha holding wheel, representing wisdom. mother buddha(female image) represents meditation. only with "both wisdom and tranquility"and "both meditation and meditation" can one become a buddha. the combination oftwo bodies is like the wings of a bird and the wheels of a car. only in this waycan one become a buddha, which is another form of cultivation in tantricbuddhism.
the top of xuguang pavilion is decorated with exquisite dragon troupe andpearl caisson. the carving is exquisite and glittering, which has high artisticvalue. come
(in the exhibition room of tantric buddhism)
dear friends, now we are in the exhibition room of tantric buddhism. thisis the gate hall on the north side of the city. originally, there were 21 groupsof rooms beside the square gate hall. now only the gate hall is left. except forthe west gate hall, the other nine gate halls have been turned into exhibitionrooms.
esoteric buddhism, also known as esoteric buddhism, originated in the latestage of the development of mahayana buddhism in ancient india, and has obviouscharacteristics compared with xianzong. 800 years after sakyamuni's death,buddhism was spanided into buddhism and buddhism. academia believes that esotericbuddhism is the product of the combination of mahayana and brahmanism after the7th century. it was introduced by indian master rinwatson in the early 8thcentury. he fought many times with bon witches in secret law. every time hedefeated some bon witches, he declared that some stupid god had been subdued andnamed him the protector of buddhism. the tantric buddha statue of tibetanbuddhism is unique, which is not only the precious wealth of religious art, butalso the treasure of human body statue art in the world. let's have a lookhere
apart from the modern clay statues, they are all originally preserved inthe temple, which is hard to see in other temples.
what are the differences between tantric buddhism and buddhism? there arethe following points: first, tantric buddhism takes sakyamuni as its leader andattaches great importance to theory, while tantric buddhism praises thetathagata and pays attention to matters; second, tantric buddhism advocatespreaching buddhism, meditation, enlightenment and self-cultivation, whiletantric buddhism attaches great importance to inheritance, truth and mantra inorder to become buddha; 3、 xianzong's classics mainly include scriptures, laws,precepts, and theories. in addition to tantric, there are eulogy, praise,dharma, mantra, rituals, yoga, and seal of contract. fourth, xianzong has fourkinds of prestige: walking, living, sitting, and lying. in addition to tantric,it also needs to contemplate, follow the teacher's instruction, abide by ritualsand practice procedures.
tantric cultivation can be spanided into four steps: shimi, xingmi, yoga miand supreme yoga mi. master zongkaba, the founder of the yellow religion,stipulated that the order of practice should be first obvious and then the living buddha who has obtained the degree of gexi in tibetan educationis qualified to practice esoteric buddhism, which is passed on by master vajraand practiced in the upper and lower esoteric schools. the practice of tantricbuddhism is accompanied by the imperial concubine ming. therefore, most of thetantric statues are double figures of men and women, which are called "joyfulbuddha" or "joyful heaven". each of these statues has a buddhist story orlegend, so they are three-dimensional fables of buddhism. because the joyfulbuddhas are all naked, they are men and women, so some people mistakenly thinkthat "joyful" refers to the sexual pleasure of men and women. in fact, these twowords mean fearless, angry spirit, transcending life and death, and gainingjoy.
(in the second exhibition room of tantric buddhism)
one of the most influential buddhist statues of tantric buddhism is thebronze "king kong of great power, virtue and terror" in the second exhibitionroom. he was a man and a woman, with nine sides, thirty-four hands and sixteenfeet. the nine faces represent the nine sutras of mahayana, the two hornssymbolize the two truths, the thirty-four hands with body, the thirty-sevenmeaning, the thirty-seven bodhi dharma, the sixteen feet symbolize the sixteenemptiness, and the combination of men and women symbolizes the great the left and right, eight feet step on eight things and eight birds,symbolizing "80% of the department" and "eight freedom". nudity and nirvanasymbolize "no dust". anger and uprightness symbolize "wonderful way". as for thejoyful buddha image, there are such legends in sibunayega dharma and japanesetantra of dongmi: the woman is the incarnation of guanyin bodhisattva. with herbeauty, she subdued the king who believed in brahmanism and made him theprotector of buddhism. this kind of saying is completely out of the secularattachment psychology. it is a difficult realm for ordinary people to reach todeeply study the essence of tantric cultivation. it is to break the ignorance,cultivate the good root and obtain the right consciousness. there is amysterious veil about the true meaning of tibetan secrets. no wonder we can'tunderstand it. however, the artistic charm of these superb human figures isamazing to every tourist.
also on display in the exhibition room are the prison master king kong,riding sheep to protect the dharma, joyful king kong, auspicious heavenlymother, shangle king buddha and so on. please enjoy it freely.
although pule temple is a lamaist temple, there is no lama in it, but it isguarded by eight banners. this is the place where the kazakh, uighur, kirgiz andother ethnic upper class people who come to the summer resort to worship theqing emperor pay homage and live.
dear friends, this is the end of the tour guide's explanation of puletemple. short time together, eternal memory, in your heart, my heart left a goodmemory. i remember a song like this: "when we surpass our dreams, we need toface them sincerely, let our life savor this moment, and let the years rememberthis time.".
dear friends, goodbye!
承德導(dǎo)游詞簡(jiǎn)短 承德導(dǎo)游詞1000字篇五
普寧寺系承德外八廟之一，是國(guó)務(wù)院確定的漢族地區(qū)佛教全國(guó)重點(diǎn)寺院。這里群山環(huán)抱，形勝優(yōu)越，氣候絕佳，山水兼有北雄南秀之美。清朝政府在這里興建了皇家園林避暑山莊和外八廟佛教建筑群，在康熙、乾隆、嘉慶年間成為僅次於北京的全國(guó)第二個(gè)政治中心，它融匯了我國(guó)多民族的歷史、文化、藝術(shù)和建筑，使承德成為一座以園林和寺廟著稱的著名歷史文化名城。外八廟修建於清康熙五十二年至乾隆四十五年(l7l3-l780年)，由溥仁寺、溥善寺、普樂(lè)寺、安遠(yuǎn)廟、普寧寺、普佑寺、須彌福壽之廟、普陀宗乘之廟、殊像寺、廣安寺和羅漢堂等11座寺廟組成，這11座寺廟分外八處受北京雍和宮管轄，得名“外八廟”。其中以普寧寺最為完整、壯觀。
普寧寺建於清乾隆二十至二十四年(1755-1759年)，占地面積33000平方米，是外八廟中較大的寺廟建筑群。當(dāng)時(shí)清政府平定了厄魯特蒙古準(zhǔn)噶爾部達(dá)瓦齊的叛亂，在避暑山莊為厄魯特四部上層貴族封爵，因他們信奉藏傳佛教，故仿西藏三摩耶(又稱桑耶寺)建制修建了普寧寺。淆政府希望邊疆人民“安其居，樂(lè)其業(yè)，永永普寧”，取名“普寧寺”。
普寧寺建筑風(fēng)格獨(dú)特，它吸收并融合了漢地佛教寺院和藏傳佛教寺院的建筑格局，南半部為漢地寺廟的“七堂伽藍(lán)”式布局:中軸線上依次分布著山門、天王殿、大雄寶殿等殿堂;兩側(cè)為鐘鼓樓和東西配殿，南北長(zhǎng)150米，寬70米。北半部為藏式寺廟建筑:以大乘閣為中心，周圍環(huán)列著許多藏式碉房建筑物——紅臺(tái)、白臺(tái)以及四座白色喇嘛塔。
普寧寺正門，面闊五間，當(dāng)中三間石刻拱門，象徵“三解脫門”(空門、無(wú)相門、無(wú)作門)。殿內(nèi)供奉的兩位天神即“哼哈二將”，是1986年修復(fù)時(shí)新塑的，高4.34米，木骨泥塑。手持金剛杵，裸露上身，衣纏腰際，瞠目作威猛狀。左為密持金剛，右為那羅延金剛。碑亭為平面三間方型，重檐歇山頂，下檐單翹單昂，上檐單翹重昂，黃琉璃瓦綠剪邊覆頂。亭內(nèi)有三座碑，中間是《御制普寧寺碑文》，記載了興建普寧寺原委和布局;左右為《御制平定準(zhǔn)噶爾勒銘伊犁之碑》、《御制平定準(zhǔn)噶爾後勒銘伊犁之碑》，記述清政府平定準(zhǔn)噶爾部貴族達(dá)瓦齊.阿睦爾撒納的叛亂，鞏固西北邊防的史實(shí)。這三座碑均為乾隆御筆，用滿、漢、蒙、藏四種文書寫成。鐘樓平闊三間，兩層樓閣，單檐歇山頂。內(nèi)懸清朝雍正年間銅鐘一尊，高2米，口徑1.26米。每日清晨，喇嘛叩擊108響，僧人開始上殿念經(jīng)。佛教稱這108聲鐘聲可去108種煩惱，“聞鐘聲，煩惱清，智慧長(zhǎng)，菩提生”。
大殿為重檐歇山頂，覆綠剪邊黃琉璃瓦，正脊中央置一藏傳佛教寺院建筑特有裝飾銅質(zhì)鎏金寶塔。屋脊、前後垂脊、岔脊頭共有十個(gè)鴟吻，在建筑上可保護(hù)脊壟穩(wěn)固、不滲水。檐角上各有七個(gè)栩栩如生的飛禽走獸像，它們各有其寓意。第一個(gè)是龍，能興風(fēng)作雨，是帝王象徵。第二個(gè)為鳳，鳥中之王，指有圣德之人。第三個(gè)是獅子，為鎮(zhèn)山之王，勇猛威嚴(yán)。第四個(gè)是天馬，象徵皇帝威德暢達(dá)四方。第五個(gè)是海馬，喻意皇帝威德可通天八海。第六個(gè)是狻猊，是一種能食虎豹的猛獸。第七個(gè)叫押魚，為海中異獸，能滅火防災(zāi)。大殿正中供奉三世佛，中間是現(xiàn)世佛釋迦牟尼，左邊是前世佛燃燈，右邊是未來(lái)佛彌勒，木雕金漆，金光閃爍，儀態(tài)莊嚴(yán)。兩側(cè)山墻石壇上排列十八羅漢像。北墻繪有八尊度母和勝樂(lè)十六天女圖，栩栩如生，傳神入畫。屋頂繪有六字真言。
普寧寺後半部的藏式寺院建筑是模仿桑耶寺風(fēng)格，通過(guò)建筑總體布局和個(gè)體造型來(lái)反映藏傳佛教的世界觀，把密宗的曼荼羅等清凈佛國(guó)理想境界用具體建筑形象表現(xiàn)出來(lái)，使整個(gè)建筑具有象徵作用?！奥绷_”的梵語(yǔ)，義為“輪集”，或譯作“;輪壇”、“壇城”，是密宗僧侶修行時(shí)構(gòu)筑的法壇，後演變?yōu)椤皥A輪俱足、諸佛集會(huì)”的圣壇。普寧寺的後半部就是根據(jù)佛經(jīng)對(duì)宇宙的描述設(shè)計(jì)的。大乘之閣巍然屹立中間，代表須彌山，象徵世界中心，閣之東西則建有日殿和月殿，表示日月環(huán)繞宇宙世界運(yùn)行，閣的四面有四座重層殿宇代表四大部洲:東勝神洲殿象徵風(fēng)，起著長(zhǎng)養(yǎng)萬(wàn)物的作用，形如半月，故建筑月牙形臺(tái)殿;南瞻部殿象徵火，形為三角，起著促進(jìn)萬(wàn)物成熟的作用，建成梯形臺(tái)殿;西牛賀洲殿象徵水，攝受萬(wàn)物，建成橢圓形臺(tái)殿;北俱盧洲象徵地，保護(hù)萬(wàn)物，建成正方形臺(tái)殿。閣之四隅有四座寶塔，代表佛之“四智”:西北角的白色塔為“大圓境智”，能清楚地反映、認(rèn)識(shí)世界萬(wàn)象;東北角黑色塔為“平等性智”，視世界萬(wàn)物平等無(wú)差別;東南角的紅色塔為“妙觀察智”，表示佛能明察善惡，妙觀萬(wàn)法;西南角綠色塔為“成所作智”，表示信佛能成就自利和利他事業(yè)。大乘之閣五頂緊密連接，結(jié)成一個(gè)屋頂組群，四大部洲的臺(tái)殿和日月殿是把藏式平頂建筑改變比例，作為基座，上建漢式木構(gòu)建筑，而白臺(tái)建筑則是藏族形式，這樣使?jié)h藏建筑巧妙結(jié)合，外形雄偉又具有園林配置，形成漢藏文化相互融合的風(fēng)格獨(dú)特的寺廟建筑。
大乘之閣內(nèi)部分三層，在上下貫通的中部供奉著世界最大的木雕——千手千眼觀世音菩薩像。這尊佛像高22.28米，腰圍15米，重量達(dá)110頓，用松、柏、榆、椴、杉五種木材制成，約需120立方米木材。觀音站在蓮花座上雙手合十，背後又生出40只手來(lái)，每只手上有一只眼隋，各持一件法器。造型莊嚴(yán)，慈顏善目，衣紋自然流暢，是寶貴的藝術(shù)珍品。
在千手千眼觀音兩旁是高達(dá)l4米的善才和龍女木雕塑像。大乘之閣的二樓供藏五方佛，三樓的迥廊上供奉三世佛和寶塔。閣內(nèi)的墻壁均用萬(wàn)佛龕裝飾，每個(gè)佛龕內(nèi)部都有一尊金漆藏泥無(wú)量壽佛，共計(jì)一萬(wàn)零九十尊，整個(gè)殿堂裝飾得金碧輝煌。
大乘之閣東側(cè)還有妙嚴(yán)室，是乾隆皇帝進(jìn)廟休息之所。西側(cè)有講經(jīng)堂，是蒙古佛教首領(lǐng)章嘉國(guó)師和哲布尊丹巴呼圖克圖講經(jīng)場(chǎng)所。周圍還有八棟共40間僧房，是上層佛教界人士駐錫之所和喇嘛僧房。據(jù)說(shuō)在乾隆年間，普寧寺有喇嘛二百多人。
承德導(dǎo)游詞簡(jiǎn)短 承德導(dǎo)游詞1000字篇六
小布達(dá)拉宮就是普陀宗乘之廟，俗稱小布達(dá)拉宮。在避暑山莊以北，“須彌福壽之廟”的西側(cè)，是一座具有非凡藝術(shù)代價(jià)的寺廟構(gòu)筑。全廟除主體大紅臺(tái)、懂得臺(tái)等外，尚有四十多座各式百般的僧房佛殿白臺(tái)和塔臺(tái)，是承德外八廟中局限最大的一個(gè)，占地面積22萬(wàn)平方米，氣魄宏偉，異常壯觀。
該廟是仿西藏拉薩布達(dá)拉宮建筑的，“普陀宗乘”是藏語(yǔ)“布達(dá)拉”的漢譯。廟依山制作，坐北朝南，山門內(nèi)是碑閣，北是五塔門，高十余米，有拱門三個(gè)，上建紅、黃、黑、白、綠五座喇嘛塔。門北是琉璃牌樓。牌樓北地形漸高，各式白臺(tái)、塔臺(tái)構(gòu)筑因地形而散置，坎坷有別，變革多端。最后為宏偉高峻的主體構(gòu)筑大紅臺(tái)。大紅臺(tái)的正面，下面是高達(dá)十八米的懂得臺(tái)，其上矗立著高達(dá)二十五米的大紅臺(tái)。紅臺(tái)內(nèi)附近為三層群樓，中央是重檐攢尖鎏金銅瓦項(xiàng)的“萬(wàn)法歸一”殿。
清帝乾隆建筑這座局限雄偉的喇嘛古剎，是有其用意的。乾隆三十五年，是乾隆六十壽辰，乾隆三十六年是他母親八十壽辰，蒙古族又虔信黃教(喇嘛教格魯派)，借蒙古、青海、新疆等地少數(shù)民族的王公、部落長(zhǎng)來(lái)承德為他祝壽之機(jī)，操作喇嘛教，舉辦綏撫。桑珠孜宗堡始建于1363年，是后藏日喀則地域最早的構(gòu)筑之一，被稱作“小布達(dá)拉宮”。布達(dá)拉宮擴(kuò)建時(shí)，在形制友善勢(shì)威風(fēng)凜凜上受到桑珠孜宗堡影響。在承德市避暑山莊正北，始建于乾隆三十二年，是為慶賀乾隆的60大壽而建的，也是“外八廟”中局限最大的一座。其樣式仿拉薩布達(dá)拉宮，氣魄壯觀，故又稱為“小布達(dá)拉宮”。
乾隆三十六年，為乾隆帝六十壽辰和皇太后八十壽辰之年，邊疆各少數(shù)民族的首領(lǐng)都要集承德，進(jìn)行隆重的慶壽勾當(dāng)，呈現(xiàn)了亙古未有的全百姓族大連合的排場(chǎng)。為了恭順各族信奉，連合各族人民，乾隆帝御旨制作這座大型寺院。
其時(shí)，邊疆各少數(shù)民族多半愛(ài)崇藏傳釋教。拉薩布達(dá)拉宮是藏傳釋教的一此中心。而藏傳釋教宣稱布達(dá)拉宮為觀世音菩薩的道場(chǎng)。觀民音菩薩的道場(chǎng)聽說(shuō)有三處：一在印度，一在西藏，一在南海(浙江普陀山)。乾隆帝以為，觀音發(fā)祥于印度，然后先到西藏為本土，以是在承建觀音道場(chǎng)便"仿西藏，非仿南海"。普陀宗乘之廟是在漢族傳統(tǒng)構(gòu)筑的基本上融合藏族構(gòu)筑特點(diǎn)制作的，它是漢藏構(gòu)筑世術(shù)領(lǐng)悟的規(guī)范。
這座寺廟最大的特點(diǎn)就是其藏式構(gòu)筑，廟內(nèi)共有巨細(xì)構(gòu)筑約60處，多是平頂白墻。主體構(gòu)筑大紅臺(tái)是一座暗赤色的方形構(gòu)筑，在周圍白色樓宇的映襯下，很是搶眼。大紅臺(tái)中心的萬(wàn)法歸一殿頂部所有被鎏金銅瓦所包圍，僅此一項(xiàng)造價(jià)等于黃金萬(wàn)兩，這里是進(jìn)行重大的宗教典禮或清帝訪問(wèn)重要的少數(shù)民族部落首領(lǐng)及王公大臣們的場(chǎng)合。普陀宗乘之廟古木參天，情形寂靜，還可在此遠(yuǎn)眺棒槌山，是外八廟中不行不游的一處。
【本文地址：http://aiweibaby.com/zuowen/1451128.html】
