在日常的學(xué)習(xí)、工作、生活中，肯定對各類范文都很熟悉吧。那么我們該如何寫一篇較為完美的范文呢？這里我整理了一些優(yōu)秀的范文，希望對大家有所幫助，下面我們就來了解一下吧。
初中獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)篇一
2. 名詞或代詞與后面的形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、分詞、不定式等存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。
3. 獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一般用逗號與主句分開，但與主句之間不能使用任何連接詞。
二、獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的常見形式
1. 名詞(代詞)+現(xiàn)在分詞
the question being settled, we went home. 問題解決之后，我們就回家了。
we shall play the match tomorrow, weather permitting. 明天假設(shè)天氣好，我們就進行比賽。
the monitor being ill, we’d better put the meeting off. 班長病了，我們還是延期開會吧。
2. 名詞(代詞)+過去分詞
the job finished, we went home. 工作結(jié)束后我們就回家了。
the last bus having gone, we had to walk home. 最后一班公車已經(jīng)走了，我們必須走路回家。
more time given, we should have done the job much better. 如果給我們更多的時間，我們會把工作做得更好。
3. 名詞(代詞)+不定式
nobody to come tomorrow, we will have to put off the meeting till next week. 如果明天沒有人來，我們將把會議推遲到下周。
so many people to help him, he is sure to succeed. 有如此多的人來幫助他，他一定會成功的。
4. 名詞(代詞)+介詞短語
the soldiers dashed in, rifle in hand. 士兵們端著槍沖了進來。
a girl came in, book in hand. 一個少女進來了，手里拿著書。
he was waiting, his eyes on her back. 他在等著，眼睛望著她的背影。
5. 名詞(代詞)+形容詞或副詞
he sat in the front row, his mouth half open. 他坐在前排，嘴半開著。
she sat at the table, collar off, head down, and pen in position, ready to begin the long letter. 她坐在桌前，衣領(lǐng)已解掉，頭低了下來，拿好鋼筆，準(zhǔn)備開始寫一封長信。
6. there being +名詞(代詞)
there being nothing else to do, we went home. 沒有別的事可做，我們就回家了。
there being no further business, i declare the meeting closed. 沒有再要討論的事了，我宣布散會。
7. it being +名詞(代詞)
it being christmas, the government offices were closed. 由于圣誕節(jié)的緣故，政府機關(guān)都休息。
it being a holiday, all the shops were shut. 由于今天是假日，所有商店都關(guān)門了。
比較：獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)與由介詞 with 引出的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。如：
don’t sleep with the windows open. 別開著窗睡覺。
he stood before his teacher with his head down. 他低著頭站在老師面前。
he was lying on the bed with all his clothes on. 他和衣躺在床上。
she came in with a book in her hand. 她手里拿著一本書走了進來。
he fell asleep with the lamp burning. 他沒熄燈就睡著了。
i won’t be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill. 因為媽媽有病，我無法去度假。
he sat there with his eyes closed. 他閉目坐在那兒。
all the afternoon he worked with the door locked. 整個下午他都鎖著門在房里工作。
i can’t go out with all these clothes to wash. 要洗這些衣服，我無法出去了。
三、英語獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的用法
獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)主要表示謂語動詞發(fā)生的時間、原因、條件或伴隨情況等，相當(dāng)于一個狀語從句或并列句。
1. 用作時間狀語
the work done (=after the work had been done), we went home. 工作完成后，我們就回家了。
2. 用作條件狀語
weather permitting (=if weather permits), they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow. 如果天氣允許的話，他們將在明天組織一次海濱小游。
3. 用作原因狀語
an important lecture to be given tomorrow (=as an important lecture will be given tomorrow), the professor has to stay up late into the night. 因為明天要發(fā)表一個重要的演講，教授不得不熬夜到很晚。
4. 用作伴隨狀語
he was lying on the grass, his hands crossed under his head (=and his hands were crossed under his head).他躺在草地上，兩手交叉枕在腦后。
5. 表示補充說明
a hunter came in, his face red with cold (=and his face was red with cold). 一個獵人走了進來，他的臉凍得通紅。
we redoubled our efforts, each man working like two. 我們加倍努力，一個人干兩個人的活。
注：獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)表示時間、條件或原因時，相當(dāng)于一個狀語從句，一般放在句首，表示原因時還可放在句末;表伴隨狀況或補充說明時，相當(dāng)于一個并列句，通常放于句末。
初中獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)篇二
1)獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語與句子的主語不同，它獨立存在。
2)名詞或代詞與后面的分詞，形容詞，副詞，不定 式，介詞等是主謂關(guān)系。
3)獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一般有逗號與主句分開。
舉例：
the test finished, we began our holiday.
= when the test was finished, we began our holiday.
考試結(jié)束了，我們開始放假。
the president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
= after the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
總統(tǒng)被謀殺了，舉國上下沉浸在悲哀之中。
weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.
如果天氣允許，我們明天去看你。
this done, we went home.
工作完成后，我們才回家。
the meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier.
會議結(jié)束后，每個人都想早點回家。
he came into the room, his ears red with cold.
他回到了房子里，耳朵凍壞了。
he came out of the library, a large book under his arm.
他夾著本厚書，走出了圖書館。
初中獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)篇三
with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作獨立主格
它是由介詞with或without+復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成，復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作介詞with或without的復(fù)合賓語，
復(fù)合賓語中第一部分賓語由名詞或代詞充當(dāng)，第二部分補足語由形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、
動詞不定式或分詞充當(dāng)，分詞可以是現(xiàn)在分詞，也可以是過去分詞。with結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成方式如
下：
1. with或without-名詞/代詞+形容詞;
例句：he is used to sleeping with the windows open.
2. with或without-名詞/代詞+副詞;
例句：she left the room with all the lights on.
3. with或without-名詞/代詞+介詞短語;
例句：he walked into the dark street with a stick in his hand.
4. with或without-名詞/代詞 +動詞不定式;
例句：with so much work to do, i have no time for a holiday.
5. with或without-名詞/代詞 +分詞。
例句：we found the house easily with the little boy leading the way.
(現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動動作，即分詞所表示的動作是由with后的賓語發(fā)出來的)
with all the things she needed bought, she went home happily.
(過去分詞表示被動，with后面的賓語與過去分詞之間是被動關(guān)系)
6. without+名詞/代詞+補語
例句：possibly this person died withont anyone knowing where the coins were hidden.
he wondered if he could slide out of the lecture hall without anyone
noticing (him).
7. with+不定式和+分詞的區(qū)別
加不定式是指將要進行的動作，加分詞是指主動或被動動作。
with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的句法功能
1. with 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中表狀態(tài)或說明背景情況，常做伴隨、方式、原因、條件等狀語。
例句：with machinery to do all the work, they will soon have got in the crops.
由于所有的工作都是由機器進行，他們將很快收完莊稼。(原因狀語)
the boy always sleeps with his head on the arm.
這個孩子總是頭枕著胳膊睡覺。(伴隨狀語)
the soldier had him stand with his back to his father.
士兵要他背對著他父親站著。(方式狀語)
with spring coming on, trees turn green.
春天到了，樹變綠了。(時間狀語)
2. with 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)可以作定語
anyone with its eyes in his head can see it’s exactly like a rope.
任何一個頭上長著眼睛的人都能看出它完全像一條繩子。
獨立主格的形式:
一、一般獨立主格形式
與主句邏輯關(guān)系松散
形式為: n. + -ed/-ing形式; n. +不定式; n. +介詞短語; n. +形容詞; n. +副詞;
①名詞/主格代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞
名詞/主格代詞與現(xiàn)在分詞之間是主動關(guān)系。
如：
the girl staring at him(= as the girl stared at him), he didn't know what to say.
姑娘兩眼望著他，他不知道說什么好。
time permitting(= if time permits), we will go for an outing tomorrow.
如果時間允許的話，我們明天去郊游。
②名詞/主格代詞+過去分詞
名詞/主格代詞與過去分詞之間是被動關(guān)系。
如：
the problems solved(= as the problems were solved), the quality has been improved.
隨著問題的解決，質(zhì)量已經(jīng)提高了。
her glasses broken(= because her glasses were broken), she couldn't see the words on the blackboard.
由于眼鏡摔壞了，她看不見黑板上的字。
③名詞/主格代詞+不定式
名詞/主格代詞與不定式之間是主動關(guān)系，且強調(diào)的是一次具體性的動作。
如：
he is going to make a model plane,some old parts to help.
借助于一些舊零件，他要做一個飛機模型。
they said good-bye to each other,one to go home, the other to go to the bookstore.
他們道別后，一個回了家，一個去了書店。
④名詞/主格代詞+形容詞
如：
an air accident happened to the plane,nobody alive.
那架飛機遭遇了空難，無一人生還。
so many people absent, the meeting had to be called off.
這么多人缺席，會議不得不取消。
⑤名詞/主格代詞+副詞
如：
he put on his sweater ,wrong side out. 他把毛衣穿反了。
the meeting over, they all went home. 會議一結(jié)束，他們就都回家了。
⑥名詞/主格代詞+介詞短語
如：
the boy goes to the classroom,book in hand. 那男孩手里拿著書去教室。
mary was sitting near the fire,her back towards the door.瑪麗靠近火爐坐著，背對著門。
⑦名詞/主格代詞+名詞
his first shot failure，he fired again.
他第一槍沒擊中，又打了一槍。
two hundred people died in the accident, many of them children.
兩百人死于事故，其中有許多兒童。
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