2017年高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn)：強(qiáng)調(diào)句

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▲高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn)：強(qiáng)調(diào)句

強(qiáng)調(diào)句(The Emphatic Pattern)是一種修辭，是人們?yōu)榱吮磉_(dá)自己的意愿或情感而使用的一種形式。通過(guò)各種方式對(duì)句子中的某個(gè)部分進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，從而起到修辭的作用。 英語(yǔ)常用的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)是"It is (was)+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分(主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ))+who (that)..."。一般說(shuō)來(lái),被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指人時(shí),用who;指事物時(shí)用that,但that也可以指人。在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中指事物時(shí)常用which來(lái)代替that。

▲高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn)：強(qiáng)調(diào)句的常用句型

1. 陳述句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型

It is/ was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分（通常是主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)）+ that/ who（當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)且主語(yǔ)指人）+ 其他部分。

例子 It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.

2. 一般疑問(wèn)句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型

同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。

例子 Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping

3. 特殊疑問(wèn)句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型

被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分（通常是疑問(wèn)代詞或疑問(wèn)副詞）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其他部分

例子 When and where was it that you were born

4.not … until … 句型的強(qiáng)調(diào)句

A. 句型為：It is/ was not until + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that + 其他部分

普通句：He didn't go to bed until/ till his wife came back.

強(qiáng)調(diào)句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.

B. 注意：

此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，till, until可通用；因?yàn)榫湫椭蠭t is/ was not ... 已經(jīng)是否定句了，that后面的從句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。

5.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的強(qiáng)調(diào)

A. It is/ was ... that ... 結(jié)構(gòu)不能強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)，如果需要強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，用助動(dòng)詞do/ does或did

Do sit down. 務(wù)必請(qǐng)坐。

Do be careful when you cross the street. 過(guò)馬路時(shí)，務(wù)必（千萬(wàn)）要小心?。?/p>

B. 注意：

此種強(qiáng)調(diào)只用do/ does和did，沒(méi)有別的形式；過(guò)去時(shí)用did，后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形。

▲高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn)：強(qiáng)調(diào)句的形式

常見(jiàn)到的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式，共有以下七類(lèi)：

⒈用do\does\did + V可表強(qiáng)調(diào)

Some people do believe that nuclear power poses a threat to the world peace.

⒉adv或adj可表強(qiáng)調(diào)：Never \ only\ Very

This is the very question that deserves careful analysis.

⒊雙重否定可表強(qiáng)調(diào)

Taking part-time jobs is never without drawbacks.

⒋what引導(dǎo)的主從可表強(qiáng)調(diào)

What really matters is cooperation.

⒌倒裝可表強(qiáng)調(diào)(凡是倒裝都可以表示強(qiáng)調(diào))

Little do people take into account the seriousness of this problem.

⒍比較狀語(yǔ)從句可表強(qiáng)調(diào)

Nothing is more imperative than to learn from the past.

⒎強(qiáng)調(diào)句型可表強(qiáng)調(diào)

It is \was +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部份+ that \ who +原句剩余部份

It is stability that destroys people’s ambition and barricades people’s steps.

▲高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn)：強(qiáng)調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)

強(qiáng)調(diào)句的十種結(jié)構(gòu)：

1．用助動(dòng)詞“do（does/did）+動(dòng)詞原形”來(lái)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)：

Do write to me when you get there．你到那兒后務(wù)必給我來(lái)信。

2．用形容詞very，only，single，such等修飾名詞或形容詞來(lái)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣：

How dare you buy such expensive jewels你怎么敢買(mǎi)這么貴的寶石呢

3．用ever，never，very，just等副詞和badly，highly，really等帶有－l y的副詞來(lái)進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)：

I really don’t know what to do next．我的確不知道下一步該怎么做。

4．用in the world，on earth，at all等介詞短語(yǔ)可以表達(dá)更強(qiáng)的語(yǔ)氣（常用于疑問(wèn)句）：

Where in the world could he be他到底會(huì)在哪兒

5．用感嘆句來(lái)表示強(qiáng)烈的感情，突出說(shuō)話(huà)人的情感：

How interesting a story it is！這是一個(gè)多么有趣的故事啊！

6．用重復(fù)來(lái)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)：

Why！why！The cage is empty！啊！??！箱子是空的。

7．用倒裝句（也就是將要強(qiáng)調(diào)的句子或被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分置于句首）來(lái)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣：

On the table were some flowers．桌上擺著一些花。（強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)）

8．用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：“It is（was）+被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分+that（who）+原句其它部分”來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)話(huà)人的意愿：

It was on Monday night that all this happened．所有這一切發(fā)生在周一晚上。

9．用If來(lái)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)：

1）If從句+I don’t know who/what，etc．does/is/has，etc．

主語(yǔ)部分也可以用nobody does/is/has，etc．或everybody does/is/has，et c．來(lái)代替（這里的if從句往往是正話(huà)反說(shuō)，反話(huà)正說(shuō)）：

If he can’t do it，I don’t know who can．要是他做不了這件事，我不知道還有誰(shuí)能做。（強(qiáng)調(diào)只有他能做） If Jim is a coward，everybody is．要是吉姆是個(gè)膽小鬼，那么人人都是膽小鬼。（強(qiáng)調(diào)吉姆不是膽小鬼）

2）if從句+it be主句（此用法可看成是第8中強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的變形，即把所要強(qiáng)調(diào)的內(nèi)容放在it be的后面，把其它內(nèi)容放在由if引導(dǎo)的從句中）：

If anyone knew the truth，it was Tom．如果說(shuō)誰(shuí)了解事實(shí)的真相，那便是湯姆。

10．用破折號(hào)、黑體字也可以表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣：

It’s because of hard work—ten years of hard work．那是因?yàn)槠D苦的工作--十年艱苦的工作！

He began the work in late May．他在五月底開(kāi)始的這項(xiàng)工作。（強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間）

▲高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法必考知識(shí)點(diǎn)：強(qiáng)調(diào)句練習(xí)

[鞏固練習(xí)]

1. —Who is making so much noise in the garden

—__________ the children.

A. It is B. They are C. It can’t be D. They are

2. An awful accident __________ ， however， occur the other day.

A. does B. did C. has to D. had to

3. —Was __________ Bill， __________ played soccer well， __________ helped the blind man cross the road

—Yes， you are right. He is always ready to help others.

A. it; that; who B. which; that; that

C. who; which; that D. it; who; that

4. It was not until 1920 __________ regular radio broadcasts began.

A. while B. which C. that D. since

5. It was only when I reread his poems recently __________ I began to appreciate their beauty.

A. until B. that C. before D. when

6. In fact __________ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.

A. this B. that C. there D. it

7. __________ on Monday night that all this happened

A. Is it B. Is that C. Was it D. Was that

8. I __________ see him in the hospital yesterday.

A. really B. do C. did D. was

9. It was because of the bad weather __________ the football match had to be put off.

A. so B. that C. why D. so that

10. —__________ you got in touch with Mr. Smith

—Through a friend of mine.

A. How was it that B. How aws it

C. It was how that D. Was it how that

參考答案1—5 ABDCB6—10 DCCBA

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